Ibyahise n'iby'ubu bya Arc Emission Spectrometers

Ku bijyanye na spectrometero zisohora atome, abantu benshi bahita batekereza kuri ICP-AES cyangwa wenda spectrometero zisoma spark direct-reading. Abake bavuga spectrometero zisohora arc. Nyamara, nk'umunyamuryango w'inararibonye mu muryango wa spectrometero zisohora atome, iri koranabuhanga ryagize uruhare runini mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize mu isesengura ry'imiterere n'imibare ry'ibintu bidafite umwimerere mu nzego nko gushakisha imiterere y'isi, ibyuma bidafite feri, n'ubumenyi bw'ibikoresho.

Ndetse na n'uyu munsi, hamwe n'ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biboneka henshi, ibyiza byabyo—nk'isesengura ryimbitse ry'ingero z'ifu n'uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyipima—byatumye ikomeza kuba uburyo bwagenewe bwo kumenya ifeza, boroni, na tini mu nganda z'ubutaka. Iracyari igikoresho cy'ingenzi muri laboratwari z'ubutaka kandi ni bwo buryo busanzwe busabwa mu gupima ibintu bihumanya mu byuma bifite isuku nyinshi nka tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, na tantalum, ndetse na okiside zabyo.

Spektrografi ya kera igenda irushaho kuba nini

Ubwa mbere, reka tumenye "abahoze ari abahanga" mu gupima imyuka ya arc. Spektorometeri za atome za arc zakoreshaga amafoto kugira ngo zifate spectrometeri zisohora imyuka kandi zitwaga spectrometiri. Inkuru yatangiye mu 1969 ubwo iyabanjirije Beijing Beifen Ruili Analytical Instruments (Group) Co., Ltd.—Beijing No. 2 Optical Instruments Factory—yakoze neza spectrometeri ya grating plane ya metero imwe. Iyi moderi iracyari ikintu gikunze kugaragara muri laboratwari nyinshi muri iki gihe.

Spektorografi ya metero imwe

Iki gikoresho cyari kimeze nk'"umuhanga mu byumba by'umwijima" witonze. Nubwo cyari kigoye gukoresha (gisaba intambwe zo gutunganya amafoto), ubushobozi bwacyo budasanzwe bwashyizeho urufatiro rwo gusesengura spectrale y'umurambararo kandi icyo gihe nta kindi cyari gusimburwa. Ushobora kuba warabonye moderi nini—spectragraphe za metero ebyiri zifite "umunwa" munini w'icyatsi kibisi.

spectrographe z'ubugari bwa metero ebyiri

Ese iyo "mbunda nini" ifite uburebure bwa metero ebyiri itangaje? Noneho, reba iyi nyoni nini iri hepfo. Bivugwa ko ifite uburebure bwa metero 3.4, budakwiriye muri laboratwari isanzwe, kandi ifite n'urumuri runini rutuma umuntu ashyuha.

Spektrografi ya metero 3.4 yo gusya

Itara ritanga urumuri rwa metero 3.4 rukoresha spectrograph

Uburyo bwo Kubona Amakuru Agoye

Kubona amakuru kuri spectrograph byari ibintu bigoye kandi bigoye: nyuma yo gutegura icyitegererezo, spectrograph yakorwaga. Iyo birangiye, agakoresho ko gufata amafoto kagombaga gukurwaho kakajyanwa mu cyumba cyijimye. Mu gihe cy'urumuri rwijimye, agakoresho kari karakozwe, gashyirwamo itara, kandi kakaraba—igikorwa kimwe no gukora amafoto y'umukara n'umweru.

Isahani yatunganyijwe neza ishobora kuba umukara rwose bitewe no kugaragara cyane, bigatuma akazi kose kabanje katagira icyo kamaze. Ubundi buryo, bitewe n'ibibazo bya mashini ikora cyangwa imashini itunganya, isahani ishobora kuba yijimye cyane cyangwa yoroheje cyane ku buryo idashobora gukoreshwa, bigatuma itangira kongera kuyikoresha.

Icyumba cy'umwijima

Bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'imirongo ya spectral isohora umwuka, wagombaga kuyisuzuma ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuyipima cyane, ugatoranya imirongo isesengura kuri buri kintu cy’ingenzi kimwe kimwe. Isesengura ry’imibare ryasabaga gupima ubucucike bwabyo hakoreshejwe densitometero. Ndetse no ku basesenguzi b’inararibonye, ​​iki nticyari igikorwa cyoroshye; ku bashya, cyari inzozi mbi. Amaso yananiwe kureba imirongo, nyamara imirongo mike gusa ni yo yabonetse.

Utumashini dupima amashusho dusimbura ibyuma bifotora

Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima amashusho ryagiye rikura kandi ribona uburyo bwo gukoresha mu nganda zitandukanye. Nk’uko kamera za digitale zasimbuye kamera za filime, ibikoresho by’amashusho byahinduye uburyo bwo gupima arc emission spectrometry bisimbura amafoto gakondo. Bikoresheje ingaruka z’amashanyarazi, ibyo bikoresho bihindura ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi mo ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi, amaherezo bikabishyira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bigaragare neza kuri porogaramu za mudasobwa—bikuraho uburyo bugoye bwo kubona amakuru ya spectrographe gakondo.

Impinduka nyayo yabaye hagati ya 2011 na 2014.BFRLYatangije uruhererekane rwa AES-7000—agashya gahuza isesengura ry’amatara ya arc source hamwe n’imiyoboro ya photomultiplier (PMTs) kugira ngo haboneke “uburyo bwo gusoma neza.” Abakoresha barangije bava mu ntambwe zisaba akazi kenshi nko gutunganya plate no gupima ubucucike bw’ibipimo, binongera cyane imikorere no kwihutisha ikoreshwa ry’iri koranabuhanga mu by’ubumenyi bw’isi no mu byuma.

Nubwo AES-7000 yari yihuta, yari ifite imbogamizi—imirongo yayo ya spectral yarakosowe. Mu 2017,BFRLYateye indi ntambwe mu gutangiza ku mugaragaro spectrometer yo mu gisekuru gitaha, AES-8000. Iki gikoresho cyarazwe imbaraga za spectrographe gakondo za metero imwe—guhindura amashanyarazi y’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi/umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi (AC/DC), sisitemu y’urumuri rw’amabara atatu, n’inzira ya kera ya Ebert-Fassie optique—mu gihe yakoreshaga sensor ya CMOS ikora neza yo kumenya ibimenyetso. Yavuguruwe burundu, yageze ku ntambwe kuva ku “kumenya ko ibaho” kugera ku “kubibona byose.” Yoroshye kuyikoresha, yihuta kandi yoroshye, AES-8000 yasubije ku buryo butaziguye aho abakoresha spectrograph bababara kandi ihita iba ikintu cy’ingenzi mu gisekuru gishya cya spectrometer zo mu gikoresho.

✔ Iterambere ry'imikorere: Gukoresha uburyo bwa "Ebert-Fassie optique system + CMOS detector". Uburyo CMOS ibona ibintu inshuro nyinshi kurusha CCD zisanzwe, kandi hamwe na optique ifite patente, ingaruka mbi z'inyuma ziragabanuka.

✔ Udushya mu by’ingenzi: Isesengura ry’ukuri rya spectrum yuzuye. Ntabwo ryakemuye gusa ikibazo cy’inganda cyo gupima neza ibintu nk’ifeza, tin, na boron mu bipimo bya geologiya ahubwo ryanahuye n’ibisabwa neza n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu.

✔ Uburambe bw'ubwenge: Guhuza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwikora, gufunga umutekano, gukosora inyuma ya porogaramu mu buryo bwikora—izi ngingo z'ubwenge zituma igikoresho kidakoresha neza gusa, ahubwo kikanarushaho kuba "cyoroshye gukoresha" kandi kikaba gitekanye.

Spektrometero yo gusohora umwuka ya AES-8000 AC/DC

Kugereranya hagati ya kera na AES-8000

Kuva kuri classic kugeza ku guhanga udushya, hanyuma bikongera kuba classic. Mu guteza imbere spectrometers za arc emission, imbaraga za Beijing Beifen-Ruili Analytical Instruments (Group) Co., Ltd. zigaragaza inzira isobanutse y' "ikoranabuhanga rihanahana amakuru," nk'uko bigaragazwa n'impinduka z'ibicuruzwa byayo. Binyuze mu kwiteza imbere buri gihe, sosiyete yongeye kuvugurura uburyo "bwa kera" bwo gusesengura mu gihe cy'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwenge.